Structure-function relationship of anticoagulant of Weil-defined sulfated polysaccharide from marine animals

Abstract

Because of abundant nature sources in ocean, marine biological resources are becoming a hot spot of the food industry to research and develop marine functional food. Sulfated polysaccharides exhibit potential pharmacological actions in mammalian systems such as anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antiviral, antimetastatic, an-tiangiogenic and antiinflammatory activities. These highly anionic polysaccharides are capable of interacting with certain cationic proteins, such as(co)-factors of the coagulation cascade during clotting-inhibition process. However, through a systematic comparison, it was proved that those molecular interactions are essentially regulated by the conjunction of anomeric configurations, conformational preferences, sugar types, glycosylation, and sulfation sites, rather thanjust a mere consequence of the electronegative density. Marine algal sulfated polysaccharides have complex, heterogeneous structures and their repeating sequences are not easily deduce, which make it difficult for the development of health food and quality control of functional drug. In contrast with most algal sulfated polysaccharides, the marine invertebrate polysaccharides exhibit highly regular chemical structures, which make it easier to correlate their biological functions to their respective structural features. Thus easy to implement quality control in the application with a potential industrial prospects. Combined with personal research progress, we will focus this review on the structure, anticoagulant mechanism and the structure-function relationship of marine sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumber, sea urchins and sea squirt. Provide a theoretical basis for the further development of the product.