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    Self-efficacy, planning, or a combination of both? A longitudinal experimental study comparing effects of three interventions on adolescents' body fat

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    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Luszczynska, A.
    Hagger, Martin
    Banik, A.
    Horodyska, K.
    Knoll, N.
    Scholz, U.
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Luszczynska, A. and Hagger, M. and Banik, A. and Horodyska, K. and Knoll, N. and Scholz, U. 2016. Self-efficacy, planning, or a combination of both? A longitudinal experimental study comparing effects of three interventions on adolescents' body fat. PLoS One. 11 (7): pp. 1-17.
    Source Title
    PLoS One
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pone.0159125
    School
    School of Psychology and Speech Pathology
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/12635
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2016 Luszczynska et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Background: The superiority of an intervention combining two sets of theory-based behavior change techniques targeting planning and self-efficacy over an intervention targeting planning only or self-efficacy only has rarely been investigated. Purpose: We compared the influence of self-efficacy, planning, and self-efficacy+planning interventions with an education-based control condition on adolescents' body fat, assuming mediating effects of respective social cognitive variables and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The moderating role of the built environment was examined. Methods: Participants (N = 1217, aged 14-18 years) were randomly assigned to four conditions: planning (n = 270), self-efficacy (n = 311), self-efficacy+planning (n = 351), and control (n = 285). The measurement was conducted at baseline (T1), two-month follow-up (T2), and fourteen-month follow-up (T3). Interventions/control group procedures were delivered at T1 and T2. Percent of body fat tissue (measured at T1 and T3) was themain outcome. Social cognitive mediators (self-efficacy and planning) were assessed at T1 and T2. The behavioralmediator (MVPA) and the presence of built MVPA facilities (the moderator) were evaluated at T1 and T3. Results: Similar small increases of body fat were found across the three intervention groups, but the increment of body fat was significantly larger in the control group. On average, differences between control and intervention groups translated to approximately 1% of body fat. Effects of the interventions on body fat were mediated by relevant social cognitive variables and MVPA. A lower increase of body fat was found among intervention group participants who had access to newly-built MVPA facilities. Conclusions: We found no superiority of an intervention targeting two social cognitive variables over the intervention targeting one cognition only.

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