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    Risk of injury due to alcohol: Evaluating potential bias using the case-crossover usual-frequency method

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Ye, Y.
    Bond, J.
    Cherpitel, C.
    Stockwell, Tim
    MacDonald, S.
    Rehm, J.
    Date
    2013
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Ye, Y. and Bond, J. and Cherpitel, C. and Stockwell, T. and MacDonald, S. and Rehm, J. 2013. Risk of injury due to alcohol: Evaluating potential bias using the case-crossover usual-frequency method. Epidemiology. 24 (2): pp. 240-243.
    Source Title
    Epidemiology
    DOI
    10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182801cb4
    ISSN
    1044-3983
    School
    National Drug Research Institute (NDRI)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/14911
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Background: The usual-frequency case-crossover method, comparing exposure before an event with typical exposure of the same person, is widely used to estimate the risk of injury related to acute alcohol use. Prior results suggest that risk estimates might be biased upward compared with other methods. Methods: Using data from 15 emergency room studies in seven countries, we compared the usual-frequency case-crossover method with case-control analysis, using noninjury patients as controls. Control-crossover analysis was performed to examine potential bias and to adjust risk estimates. Results: The cross-study pooled odds ratio (OR) of injury related to drinking was 4.7 (95% confidence interval = 2.6–8.5) in case-crossover analysis and 2.1 (1.6–2.7) in case-control analysis. A control-crossover analysis found an indication of bias (OR = 2.2 [1.8–2.8]), which was larger among less-frequent drinkers. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the potential overestimation of injury risk based on the usual-frequency case-crossover method might be best explained by recall bias in usual-frequency estimates.

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