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    Novel Biomarkers of Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure in Human Meconium

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Gray, T.
    Kelly, Tamsin
    LaGasse, L.
    Smith, L.
    Derauf, C.
    Haning, W.
    Grant, P.
    Shah, R.
    Arria, A.
    Stauss, A.
    Lester, B.
    Huestis, M.
    Date
    2009
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Gray, T. and Kelly, T. and LaGasse, L. and Smith, L. and Derauf, C. and Haning, W. and Grant, P. et al. 2009. Novel Biomarkers of Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure in Human Meconium. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. 31 (1): pp. 70-75.
    Source Title
    Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
    DOI
    10.1097/FTD.0b013e318195d7cb
    ISSN
    01634356
    School
    Nanochemistry Research Institute
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/15017
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Meconium analysis can detect fetal exposure to drugs taken by the mother during pregnancy. Methamphetamine (MAMP) and amphetamine (AMP) have previously been observed in meconium of MAMP-exposed neonates; the presence of other metabolites has not been investigated. Detection of such analytes may lead to more sensitive identification and thus improved medical treatment of affected infants. Forty-three MAMP-positive meconium specimens were analyzed for newly identified MAMP biomarkers, p-hydroxymethamphetamine, p-hydroxyamphetamine, and norephedrine. Due to MAMP adulteration in illicit ecstasy and to simultaneously monitor 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and MAMP prenatal exposure, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, its metabolites, and related sympathomimetic amines were assayed. MAMP, AMP, and unconjugated p-hydroxymethamphetamine were the most prevalent and abundant analytes present in meconium; however, unconjugated p-hydroxyamphetamine and norephedrine also were identified. It is possible that one of these additional analytes could be important for predicting toxicity or maternal or neonatal outcome measures in fetuses exposed to MAMP at specific gestational ages or with different metabolic capabilities. Although these new biomarkers were present in lower concentrations than MAMP and AMP in the meconium of previously confirmed specimens, additional research will determine if inclusion of these analytes can increase identification of MAMP-exposed neonates. Novel methamphetamine biomarker concentrations were characterized in meconium of infants exposed in utero to MAMP.

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