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    Heat resistance and salt hypersensitivity in Lactococcus lactis due to spontaneous mutation of llmg_1816 (gdpP) induced by high-temperature growth

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Smith, W.
    Pham, T.
    Lei, L.
    Dou, J.
    Soomro, A.
    Beatson, S.
    Dykes, Gary
    Turner, M.
    Date
    2012
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Smith, W. and Pham, T. and Lei, L. and Dou, J. and Soomro, A. and Beatson, S. and Dykes, G. et al. 2012. Heat resistance and salt hypersensitivity in Lactococcus lactis due to spontaneous mutation of llmg_1816 (gdpP) induced by high-temperature growth. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 78 (21): pp. 7753-7759.
    Source Title
    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    DOI
    10.1128/AEM.02316-12
    ISSN
    0099-2240
    School
    School of Public Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/16815
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    During construction of several gene deletion mutants in Lactococcus lactis MG1363 which involved a high-temperature (37.5°C) incubation step, additional spontaneous mutations were observed which resulted in stable heat resistance and in some cases salt-hypersensitive phenotypes. Whole-genome sequencing of one strain which was both heat resistant and salt hypersensitive, followed by PCR and sequencing of four other mutants which shared these phenotypes, revealed independent mutations in llmg_1816 in all cases. This gene encodes a membrane-bound stress signaling protein of the GdpP family, members of which exhibit cyclic dimeric AMP (c-di-AMP)-specific phosphodiesterase activity. Mutations were predicted to lead to single amino acid substitutions or protein truncations. An independent llmg_1816 mutant (Δ1816), created using a suicide vector, also displayed heat resistance and salt hypersensitivity phenotypes which could be restored to wild-type levels following plasmid excision. L. lactis Δ1816 also displayed improved growth in response to sublethal concentrations of penicillin G. High-temperature incubation of a wild-type industrial L. lactis strain also resulted in spontaneous mutation of llmg_1816 and heat-resistant and salt-hypersensitive phenotypes, suggesting that this is not a strain-specific phenomenon and that it is independent of a plasmid integration event. Acidification of milk by the llmg_1816-altered strain was inhibited by lower salt concentrations than the parent strain. This study demonstrates that spontaneous mutations can occur during high-temperature growth of L. lactis and that inactivation of llmg_1816 leads to temperature resistance and salt hypersensitivity.

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