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    The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    McIntosh, James
    Trubka, Roman
    Kenworthy, Jeffrey
    Newman, Peter
    Date
    2014
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    McIntosh, J. and Trubka, R. and Kenworthy, J. and Newman, P. 2014. The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 33: pp. 95-110.
    Source Title
    Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
    DOI
    10.1016/j.trd.2014.08.013
    ISSN
    1361-9209
    School
    Sustainable Policy Institute (CUSP)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/17321
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Car dependence is in decline in most developed cities, but its cause is still unclear as cities struggle with priorities in urban form and transport infrastructure. This paper draws conclusions from analysis of data in 26 cities over the last 40 years of the 20th century. Statistical modelling techniques are applied to urban transport and urban form data, while examining the influence of region, city archetype and individual fixed effects. Structural equation modelling is employed to address causation and understand the direct and indirect effects of selected parameters on per capita vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT). Findings suggest that, while location effects are important, transit service levels and urban density play a significant part in determining urban car use per capita, and causality does flow from these factors towards a city’s levels of private vehicle travel as well as the level of the provision of road capacity.

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