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    Reduction in acute filariasis morbidity during a mass drug administration trial to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in papua new guinea

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Tisch, D.
    Alexander, N.
    Kiniboro, B.
    Dagoro, H.
    Siba, P.
    Bockarie, M.
    Alpers, Michael Philip
    Kazura, J.
    Date
    2011
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Tisch, D. and Alexander, N. and Kiniboro, B. and Dagoro, H. and Siba, P. and Bockarie, M. and Alpers, M.P. et al. 2011. Reduction in acute filariasis morbidity during a mass drug administration trial to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in papua new guinea. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 5 (7).
    Source Title
    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0001241
    ISSN
    1935-2727
    School
    Centre for International Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/18056
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Background: Acute painful swelling of the extremities and scrotum are debilitating clinical manifestations of Wuchereria bancrofti infection. The ongoing global program to eliminate filariasis using mass drug administration is expected to decrease this and other forms of filarial morbidity in the future by preventing establishment of new infections as a consequence of eliminating transmission by the mosquito vector. We examined whether mass treatment with anti-filarial drugs has a more immediate health benefit by monitoring acute filariasis morbidity in Papua New Guinean communities that participated in a 5-year mass drug administration trial. Methodology/Principal Findings: Weekly active surveillance for acute filariasis morbidity defined by painful swelling of the extremities, scrotum and breast was performed 1 year before and each year after 4 annual mass administrations of anti-filarial drugs (16,480 person-years of observation). Acute morbidity events lasted <3 weeks in 92% of affected individuals and primarily involved the leg (74-79% of all annual events). The incidence for all communities considered together decreased from 0.39 per person-year in the pre-treatment year to 0.31, 0.15, 0.19 and 0.20 after each of 4 annual treatments (p<0.0001). Residents of communities with high pre-treatment transmission intensities (224-742 infective bites/person/year) experienced a greater reduction in acute morbidity (0.62 episodes per person-year pre-treatment vs. 0.30 in the 4th post-treatment year) than residents of communities with moderate pre-treatment transmission intensities (24-167 infective bites/person/year; 0.28 episodes per person-year pre-treatment vs. 0.16 in the 4th post-treatment year). Conclusions: Mass administration of anti-filarial drugs results in immediate health benefit by decreasing the incidence of acute attacks of leg and arm swelling in people with pre-existing infection. Reduction in acute filariasis morbidity parallels decreased transmission intensity, suggesting that continuing exposure to infective mosquitoes is involved in the pathogenesis of acute filariasis morbidity. © 2011 Tisch et al.

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