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    Interacting effects of particulate pollution and cold temperature on cardiorespiratory mortality in Scotland

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Carder, M.
    McNamee, R.
    Beverland, I.
    Elton, R.
    Van Tongeren, M.
    Cohen, G.
    Boyd, James
    MacNee, W.
    Agius, R.
    Date
    2008
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Carder, M. and McNamee, R. and Beverland, I. and Elton, R. and Van Tongeren, M. and Cohen, G. and Boyd, J. et al. 2008. Interacting effects of particulate pollution and cold temperature on cardiorespiratory mortality in Scotland. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 65 (3): pp. 197-204.
    Source Title
    Occupational and Environmental Medicine
    DOI
    10.1136/oem.2007.032896
    ISSN
    1351-0711
    School
    Centre for Population Health Research
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/22823
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Objectives: To determine whether the effect of black smoke on cardiorespiratory mortality is modified by cold temperatures. Methods: Poisson regression models were used to investigate the relationship between lagged black smoke concentration and daily mortality, and whether the effect of black smoke on mortality was modified by cold temperature for three Scottish cities from January 1981 to December 2001. Main results: For all-cause respiratory and non-cardiorespiratory mortality, there was a significant association between mortality and lagged black smoke concentration. Generally the maximum black smoke effect occurred at lag 0, although these estimates were not statistically significant. A 10 µgm-3 increase in the daily mean black smoke concentration on any given day was associated with a 1.68% (95% CI 0.72 to 2.65) increase in all-cause mortality and a 0.43% (95% CI -0.97 to 1.86), 5.36% (95% CI 2.93 to 7.84) and 2.13% (95% CI 0.82 to 3.47) increase in cardiovascular, respiratory and non-cardiorespiratory mortality, respectively, over the ensuing 30-day period. The effect of black smoke on mortality did not vary significantly between seasons (cool and warm periods). For all-cause, cardiovascular and non-cardiorespiratory mortality the inclusion of interaction terms did not improve the models, although for all-cause and non-cardiorespiratory mortality there was a suggestion for interaction between temperature and recent black smoke exposure. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested a greater effect of black smoke on mortality at low temperatures. Since extremes of cold and particulate pollution may coexist, for example during temperature inversion, these results may have important public health implications.

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