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    Muscle size explains low passive skeletal muscle force in heart failure patients

    246356_246356.pdf (337.8Kb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Panizzolo, F.
    Maiorana, Andrew
    Naylor, L.
    Dembo, L.
    Lloyd, D.
    Green, D.
    Rubenson, J.
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Panizzolo, F. and Maiorana, A. and Naylor, L. and Dembo, L. and Lloyd, D. and Green, D. and Rubenson, J. 2016. Muscle size explains low passive skeletal muscle force in heart failure patients. PeerJ. 4: e2447.
    Source Title
    PeerJ
    DOI
    10.7717/peerj.2447
    School
    School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/25531
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2016 Panizzolo et al. Background. Alterations in skeletal muscle function and architecture have been linked to the compromised exercise capacity characterizing chronic heart failure (CHF). However, how passive skeletal muscle force is affected in CHF is not clear. Understanding passive force characteristics in CHF can help further elucidate the extent to which altered contractile properties and/or architecture might affect muscle and locomotor function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate passive force in a single muscle for which non-invasive measures of muscle size and estimates of fiber force are possible, the soleus (SOL), both in CHF patients and age- and physical activity-matched control participants. Methods. Passive SOL muscle force and size were obtained by means of a novel approach combining experimental data (dynamometry, electromyography, ultrasound imaging) with a musculoskeletal model. Results. We found reduced passive SOL forces (~30%) (at the same relative levels of muscle stretch) in CHF vs. healthy individuals. This difference was eliminated when force was normalized by physiological cross sectional area, indicating that reduced force output may be most strongly associated with muscle size. Nevertheless, passive force was significantly higher in CHF at a given absolute muscle length (non length-normalized) and likely explained by the shorter muscle slack lengths and optimal muscle lengths measured in CHF compared to the control participants. This later factor may lead to altered performance of the SOL in functional tasks such gait. Discussion. These findings suggest introducing exercise rehabilitation targeting muscle hypertrophy and, specifically for the calf muscles, exercise that promotes muscle lengthening.

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