Bioanalytical detection based on electrochemistry at interfaces between immiscible liquids

Abstract

The electrochemical properties of the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) have been studied intensely for more than 30 years now. Although there has always been an interest in the analytical applications of this electrochemical behavior, the opportunities it affords for the detection of biomolecular species, in particular, have become of increased interest in recent years. Thismini-review discusses recent advances in this bioanalytical arena, highlighting the detection of molecules ranging from low-molecular-mass bioorganic substances(e.g., neurotransmitters, amino acids, drugs) through to proteins and nucleic acids.