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    Quantification of the Extent of Reaction of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers using X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy

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    Authors
    Williams, Ross
    Hart, Robert
    Van Riessen, Arie
    Date
    2011
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Williams, Ross P. and Hart, Robert D. and van Riessen, Arie. 2011. Quantification of the Extent of Reaction of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers Using X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 94 (8): pp. 2663-2670.
    Source Title
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society
    DOI
    10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04410.x
    ISSN
    0002-7820
    School
    Department of Imaging and Applied Physics
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/3142
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    This study presents four independent methods to determine the fraction of metakaolin dissolution in geopolymers. Two quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) results agreed with two independent techniques using scanning electron microscopy. The fraction of the metakaolin consumed varied from 10(8) to 75(3) wt% for geopolymers with compressive strengths varying from 3.1(2) to 67(17) MPa, respectively. It is proposed that the increase in strength with higher consumption of metakaolin is primarily due to the resultant changes in the matrix chemistry rather than changes in the quantity of matrix. Input Si/Al ratios of 1.5, 1.9, 2.5, and 3.0 resulted in matrix Si/Al ratios of 1.7, 2.3, 3.8, and 21. As anticipated the fraction of metakaolin dissolved was found to vary with OH- concentration. The area ratio method and the partial or no known crystal structure method have been identified as suitable for analysis of geopolymerization by time resolved XRD.

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