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Determination of halonitromethanes and haloacetamides: An evaluation of sample preservation and analyte stability in drinking water

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Open access
Authors
Liew, Deborah
Linge, Kathryn
Joll, Cynthia
Heitz, Anna
Charrois, Jeffrey
Date
2012
Type
Journal Article

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Liew, Deborah and Linge, Kathryn L. and Joll, Cynthia A. and Heitz, Anna and Charrois, Jeffrey W.A. 2012. Determination of halonitromethanes and haloacetamides: An evaluation of sample preservation and analyte stability in drinking water. Journal of Chromatography A. 1241: pp. 117-122.
Source Title
Journal of Chromatography A
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Curtin Water Quality Research Centre (Industry Research Centre)
Remarks

NOTICE: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Chromatography A. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Chromatography A. Vol. 1241, 8 June, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.037

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Abstract

Simultaneous quantitation of 6 halonitromethanes (HNMs) and 5 haloacetamides (HAAms) was achieved with a simplified liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) method, followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Stability tests showed that brominated tri-HNMs immediately degraded in the presence of ascorbic acid, sodium sulphite and sodium borohydride, and also reduced in samples treated with ammonium chloride, or with no preservation. Both ammonium chloride and ascorbic acid were suitable for the preservation of HAAms. Ammonium chloride was most suitable for preserving both HNMs and HAAms, although it is recommended that samples be analysed as soon as possible after collection. While groundwater samples exhibited a greater analytical bias compared to other waters, the good recoveries (>90%) of most analytes in tap water suggest that the method is very appropriate for determining these analytes in treated drinking waters. Application of the method to water from three drinking water treatment plants in Western Australia indicating N-DBP formation did occur, with increased detections after chlorination. The method is recommended for low-cost, rapid screening of both HNMs and HAAms in drinking water.