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    Determinants of neonatal mortality in rural and urban Nigeria: Evidence from a population-based national survey

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Adewuyi, E.
    Zhao, Yun
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
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    Citation
    Adewuyi, E. and Zhao, Y. 2016. Determinants of neonatal mortality in rural and urban Nigeria: Evidence from a population-based national survey. Pediatrics International. 59 (2): pp; 190-200.
    Source Title
    Pediatrics International
    DOI
    10.1111/ped.13086
    ISSN
    1328-8067
    School
    Epidemiology and Biostatistics
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/3571
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Background: Significant reduction in the global burden of neonatal mortality was achieved through the millennium development goals. In Nigeria, however, only a marginal reduction was realized. This study assesses the rural-urban differences in neonatal mortality rate (NMR) and the associated risk factors in Nigeria. Methods: The dataset from the 2013 Nigeria demographic and health survey (NDHS), disaggregated by rural-urban residence (n = 20 449 and 9935, respectively), was explored using univariate, bivariate, and multivariable analysis. Complex samples analysis was applied to adjust for the unequal selection probabilities due to the multi-stage cluster sampling method used in the 2013 NDHS. The adjusted relationship between the outcome and predictor variables was assessed on multi-level logistic regression analysis. Results: NMR for rural and urban populations was 36 and 28 deaths per 1000 live births, respectively. Risk factors in urban residence were lack of electricity access (adjusted OR [AOR], 1.555; 95%CI: 1.089-2.220), small birth size (as a proxy for low birthweight; AOR, 3.048; 95%CI: 2.047-4.537), and male gender (AOR, 1.666; 95%CI: 1.215-2.284). Risk factors in rural residence were small birth size (a proxy for low birthweight; AOR, 2.118; 95%CI: 1.600-2.804), and birth interval <2 years (AOR, 2.149; 95%CI: 1.760-2.624). Cesarean delivery was a risk factor both in rural (AOR, 5.038; 95%CI: 2.617-9.700) and urban Nigeria (AOR, 2.632; 95%CI: 1.543-4.489). Conclusions: Determinants of neonatal mortality were different in rural and urban Nigeria, and rural neonates had greater risk of mortality than their urban counterparts.

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