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    Towards microbial fermentation metabolites as markers for health benefits of prebiotics

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Verbeke, K.
    Boobis, A.
    Chiodini, A.
    Edwards, Christine
    Franck, A.
    Kleerebezem, M.
    Nauta, A.
    Raes, J.
    Van Tol, E.
    Tuohy, K.
    Date
    2015
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Type
    Journal Article
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract

    Copyright © The ILSI Europe a.i.s.b.l. 2015. Available evidence on the bioactive, nutritional and putative detrimental properties of gut microbial metabolites has been evaluated to support a more integrated view of how prebiotics might affect host health throughout life. The present literature inventory targeted evidence for the physiological and nutritional effects of metabolites, for example, SCFA, the potential toxicity of other metabolites and attempted to determine normal concentration ranges. Furthermore, the biological relevance of more holistic approaches like faecal water toxicity assays and metabolomics and the limitations of faecal measurements were addressed. Existing literature indicates that protein fermentation metabolites (phenol, p-cresol, indole, ammonia), typically considered as potentially harmful, occur at concentration ranges in the colon such that no toxic effects are expected either locally or following systemic absorption. The endproducts of saccharolytic fermentation, SCFA, may have effects on colonic health, host physiology, immunity, lipid and protein metabolism and appetite control. However, measuring SCFA concentrations in faeces is insufficient to assess the dynamic processes of their nutrikinetics. Existing literature on the usefulness of faecal water toxicity measures as indicators of cancer risk seems limited. In conclusion, at present there is insufficient evidence to use changes in faecal bacterial metabolite concentrations as markers of prebiotic effectiveness. Integration of results from metabolomics and metagenomics holds promise for understanding the health implications of prebiotic microbiome modulation but adequate tools for data integration and interpretation are currently lacking. Similarly, studies measuring metabolite fluxes in different body compartments to provide a more accurate picture of their nutrikinetics are needed.

    Citation
    Verbeke, K. and Boobis, A. and Chiodini, A. and Edwards, C. and Franck, A. and Kleerebezem, M. and Nauta, A. et al. 2015. Towards microbial fermentation metabolites as markers for health benefits of prebiotics. Nutrition Research Reviews. 28 (1): pp. 42-66.
    Source Title
    Nutrition Research Reviews
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/3581
    DOI
    10.1017/S0954422415000037

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