Curtin University Homepage
  • Library
  • Help
    • Admin

    espace - Curtin’s institutional repository

    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.
    View Item 
    • espace Home
    • espace
    • Curtin Research Publications
    • View Item
    • espace Home
    • espace
    • Curtin Research Publications
    • View Item

    The rate ratio of injury and aggressive incident for alcohol alone, cocaine alone and simultaneous use before the event: A case-crossover study

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Zhao, J.
    Macdonald, S.
    Borges, G.
    Joordens, C.
    Stockwell, Tim
    Ye, Y.
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Zhao, J. and Macdonald, S. and Borges, G. and Joordens, C. and Stockwell, T. and Ye, Y. 2015. The rate ratio of injury and aggressive incident for alcohol alone, cocaine alone and simultaneous use before the event: A case-crossover study. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 75: pp. 137-143.
    Source Title
    Accident Analysis and Prevention
    DOI
    10.1016/j.aap.2014.11.020
    ISSN
    0001-4575
    School
    National Drug Research Institute (NDRI)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/37457
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Objectives: (i) To estimate the rate ratio (RR) of use of alcohol alone, cocaine alone, and both substances simultaneously on acute injury or an aggressive incident, (ii) to compare the RRs for simultaneous use within 3 or 6 h of the event; and (iii) to compare the RRs of two measures of exposure, "hours of feeling effects" vs estimates based on self-reported quantity and frequency of use. Methods: The study employed a case-crossover design with the frequency approach. Clients (N = 616) in substance abuse treatment for alcohol or cocaine issues from 2009 to 2012 completed a self-administered questionnaire on their substance use within 3 and 6 h before a recent injury or physically aggressive incident. Clients also reported detailed quantity and frequency information in relation to their typical substance use, as well as information on "feeling effects". The RR of acute harms due to substance use was estimated using the Mantel-Haenszel estimator. Results: In the 6-h window before the event, use of cocaine alone, alcohol alone and simultaneous alcohol and cocaine use were each significantly (P < 0.05) related to a recent injury and aggressive incident. Simultaneous use was not significantly greater than use of either drug alone. Estimates of RR based on simultaneous use for a 3-h window before the event were consistently larger than those based on a 6-h window, and comparisons were significant (P < 0.05) for an aggressive incident but not an injury. With reference to the two measures of exposure, three of eight comparisons of RRs were significantly larger for feeling the effects of the substance in comparison to quantity and frequency of substance use.Conclusion: These findings are consistent with increased likelihood of harms related to the acute effects of alcohol alone, cocaine alone or simultaneous use. The results are suggestive that the acute effects of these drugs may be better measured within a 3-h time window than a 6-h window. Finally, we found that "hours of feeling effects" yielded higher estimates of RR than the quantity-frequency approach; however both measures support the overall findings.

    Related items

    Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

    • Health profiles of clients in substance abuse treatment: A comparison of clients dependent on alcohol or cocaine with those concurrently dependent
      Macdonald, S.; Pakula, B.; Martin, G.; Wells, S.; Borges, G.; Roth, E.; Salmon, A.; Stockwell, Tim; Callaghan, R. (2014)
      The purpose of this study was to assess whether, among clients receiving substance abuse treatment (n = 616), those dependent on alcohol or cocaine differed significantly from those concurrently dependent on both drugs ...
    • Simultaneous use of alcohol and cocaine A qualitative investigation
      Pakula, B.; MacDonald, S.; Stockwell, Tim; Sharma, R. (2009)
      Objectives The objectives of this qualitative investigation are twofold 1 to clarify issues related to measuring simultaneous use in the context of alcohol and cocaine and 2 to explore the patterns of simultaneous use of ...
    • Correlates of verbal and physical aggression among patrons of licensed venues in Australia
      Hyder, S.; Coomber, K.; Pennay, A.; Droste, N.; Curtis, A.; Mayshak, R.; Lam, Tina; Gilmore, William; Chikritzhs, Tanya; Miller, P. (2018)
      © 2017 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs Introduction and Aims: The current study aimed to examine the association between patron demographics and substance use, and experiences of verbal and ...
    Advanced search

    Browse

    Communities & CollectionsIssue DateAuthorTitleSubjectDocument TypeThis CollectionIssue DateAuthorTitleSubjectDocument Type

    My Account

    Admin

    Statistics

    Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

    Follow Curtin

    • 
    • 
    • 
    • 
    • 

    CRICOS Provider Code: 00301JABN: 99 143 842 569TEQSA: PRV12158

    Copyright | Disclaimer | Privacy statement | Accessibility

    Curtin would like to pay respect to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander members of our community by acknowledging the traditional owners of the land on which the Perth campus is located, the Whadjuk people of the Nyungar Nation; and on our Kalgoorlie campus, the Wongutha people of the North-Eastern Goldfields.