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dc.contributor.authorSoria, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorHakala, P.
dc.contributor.authorHau, G.
dc.contributor.authorGladstone, J.
dc.contributor.authorKong, A.
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-30T10:34:07Z
dc.date.available2017-01-30T10:34:07Z
dc.date.created2015-03-03T20:17:47Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.identifier.citationSoria, R. and Hakala, P. and Hau, G. and Gladstone, J. and Kong, A. 2012. Optical counterpart of HLX-1 during the 2010 outburst. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 420: pp. 3599-3608.
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/3803
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20281.x
dc.description.abstract

We studied the optical counterpart of the intermediate-mass black hole candidate HLX-1 in ESO 243-49. We used a set of Very Large Telescope imaging observations from 2010 November, integrated by Swift X-ray data from the same epoch. We measured standard Vega brightnesses U= 23.89 ± 0.18 mag, B= 25.19 ± 0.30 mag, V= 24.79 ± 0.34 mag and R= 24.71 ± 0.40 mag. Therefore, the source was ˜1 mag fainter in each band than in a set of Hubble Space Telescope images taken a couple of months earlier, when the X-ray flux was a factor of 2 higher. We conclude that during the 2010 September observations, the optical counterpart was dominated by emission from an irradiated disc (which responds to the varying X-ray luminosity), rather than by a star cluster around the black hole (which would not change). We modelled the Comptonized, irradiated X-ray spectrum of the disc, and found that the optical luminosity and colours in the 2010 November data are still consistent with emission from the irradiated disc, with a characteristic outer radius rout˜ 2800rin˜ 1013 cm and a reprocessing fraction ˜2 × 10-3. The optical colours are also consistent with a stellar population with age ?6 Myr (at solar metallicity) and mass ˜104 Msun; this is only an upper limit to the mass, if there is also a significant contribution from an irradiated disc. We strongly rule out the presence of a young superstar cluster, which would be too bright. An old globular cluster might be associated with HLX-1, as long as its mass ?2 × 106 Msun for an age of 10 Gyr, but it cannot significantly contribute to the observed very blue and variable optical/ultraviolet emission.

dc.publisherWiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
dc.titleOptical counterpart of HLX-1 during the 2010 outburst
dc.typeJournal Article
dcterms.source.volume420
dcterms.source.startPage3599
dcterms.source.endPage3608
dcterms.source.issn1365-2966
dcterms.source.titleMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
curtin.note

This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, ©: 2012, the authors and the Royal Astronomical Society. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

curtin.departmentCurtin Institute of Radio Astronomy (Physics)
curtin.accessStatusOpen access


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