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    Mechanistic roles for calcium and vitamin D in the regulation of body weight

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Soares, Mario
    Muhardi, Leilani
    Kurpad, A.
    Chan She Ping-Delfos, Wendy
    Piers, L.
    Date
    2012
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Soares, Mario and Muhardi, Leilani and Kurpad, A. and Chan She Ping-Delfos, Wendy and Piers, L. 2012. Mechanistic roles for calcium and vitamin D in the regulation of body weight. Obesity reviews. 13 (7): pp. 592–605.
    Source Title
    Obesity reviews
    DOI
    10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.00986.x
    ISSN
    1467-7881
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/40302
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Low intakes of calcium and inadequate vitamin D status often cluster with higher prevalence rates of obesity. Consequently, there has been much interest in the mechanisms by which calcium and vitamin D could regulate body weight and adiposity. This review has focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have manipulated these nutrients and studied pathways of energy balance. Overall, there is consistent evidence that calcium and vitamin D increase whole body fat oxidation after single and multiple meals, and that calcium promotes a modest energy loss through increased faecal fat excretion. The evidence is equivocal for a greater diet-induced thermogenesis, increased lipolysis, suppression of key lipogenic enzymes, decreased hunger ratings or reduced energy/macronutrient intake. Emerging evidence suggests a potential improvement in insulin sensitivity following vitamin D that would impinge on food intake and substrate oxidation. However, the very few RCTs on supplemental vitamin D and energy balance have not explored postprandial avenues of the hormone's actions. Future efforts in this area need to define the threshold intake of these nutrients that would maximize metabolic and gastrointestinal outcomes. Such studies would provide a platform for endorsing the non-skeletal role of calcium and vitamin D in human pathophysiology.

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