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    Neuroevolution and neurodegeneration: Two sides of the same coin?

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Foster, Jonathan
    Boord, P.
    Smith, M.
    Date
    2012
    Type
    Book Chapter
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Foster, J. and Boord, P. and Smith, M. 2012. Neuroevolution and neurodegeneration: Two sides of the same coin?, in Poiani, A. (ed), Pragmatic Evolution: Applications of Evolutionary Theory, pp. 133-149. UK: Cambridge University Press.
    Source Title
    Pragmatic Evolution: Applications of Evolutionary Theory
    ISBN
    978-0-521-76055-3
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/41950
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    This chapter will consider whether neurodegenerative diseases may be informative with respect to the scaling up of the central nervous system (CNS) over evolutionary time. Neurodegenerative illnesses are becoming increasingly prominent as the world's population ages demographically. Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common form of dementia, a major neurodegenerative illness. AD brain pathology progresses in a well-characterised dynamic sequence: there is an advancing wave of cortical atrophy sweeping from limbic and temporal cortices into association areas of the cortex which subserve higher order aspects of cognition, including declarative memory (Braak and Braak, 1995). In contrast, neuropathological changes are minimal in brain regions which mediate more fundamental cognitive processes underlying perception and movement. Taken together, are these changes informative with respect to how the brain evolved? Specifically, does the sequence of neuropathology and cognitive symptomatology in AD represent a type of ‘reverse ontogeny’ in humans? Additionally, in the context of pragmatic evolutionary considerations, could a better evolutionary understanding of the brain help in improved diagnosis and/or treatment for neurodegenerative illnesses such as AD?

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