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    Neighborhood Density and Word Frequency Predict Vocabulary Size in Toddlers

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Stokes, Stephanie
    Date
    2010
    Type
    Journal Article
    
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    Citation
    Stokes, Stephanie. 2010. Neighborhood Density and Word Frequency Predict Vocabulary Size in Toddlers. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research. 53 (3): pp. 670-683.
    Source Title
    Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research (JSLHR)
    DOI
    10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0254)
    ISSN
    15589102
    School
    School of Psychology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/42324
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Purpose: To document the lexical characteristics of neighborhood density (ND) and word frequency (WF) in the lexicons of a large sample of English-speaking toddlers. Method: Parents of 222 British-English–speaking children aged 27(±3) months completed a British adaptation of the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences (MCDI; Klee & Harrison, 2001). Child words were coded for ND and WF, and the relationships among vocabulary, ND, and WF were examined. A cut-point of –1 SD below the mean on the MCDI classified children into one of two groups: low or high vocabulary size. Group differences on ND and WF were examined using nonparametric statistics. Results: In a hierarchical regression, ND and WF accounted for 47% and 14% of unique variance in MCDI scores, respectively. Low-vocabulary children scored significantly higher on ND and significantly lower on WF than did high-vocabulary children, but there was more variability in ND and WF for children at the lowest points of the vocabulary continuum. Conclusion: Children at the lowest points of a continuum of vocabulary size may be extracting statistical properties of the input language in a manner quite different from their more able age peers.

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