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    Research note: Laboratory study of the influence of changing the injection rate on the geometry of the fluid front and on P-wave ultrasonic velocities in sandstone

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    Authors
    Lopes, Sofia
    Lebedev, Maxim
    Date
    2012
    Type
    Journal Article
    
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    Citation
    Lopes, Sofia and Lebedev, Maxim. 2012. Research note: Laboratory study of the influence of changing the injection rate on the geometry of the fluid front and on P-wave ultrasonic velocities in sandstone. Geophysical Prospecting. 60 (3): pp. 572-580.
    Source Title
    Geophysical Prospecting
    DOI
    10.1111/j.1365-2478.2011.01009.x
    ISSN
    0016-8025
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/42387
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Forced imbibition was performed in reservoir sandstone by injecting water into a dry sample. The injection was monitored with X-ray computed tomography and acoustic acquisition to simultaneously visualize the displacement of the fluid and quantify its presence by calculating saturation and P-wave velocities. We observed a strong influence when changing the injection rates on the acoustic response. Upon decreasing the injection rate from 5 mL/h to 0.1 mL/h, P-wave velocities decreased sharply: 100 m/s in 1 h. This behaviour is related to the partially saturated conditions of the sample (76% of saturation) before decreasing the injection rate. The air that is still trapped is free to move due to a decrease of pore pressure that is no longer forced by the higher injection rate. After 1 hour, P-wave velocities started increasing with small changes in saturation. Stopping injection for 16 hrs decreased saturation by 8% and P-wave velocities by 100 m/s. Restarting injection at 5 mL/h increased saturation to 76% while P-wave velocities fluctuated considerably for 2 hrs until they stabilized at 2253 m/s. Through the computed tomography scans we observed a water front advancing through the sample and how its shape changed from a plane to a curve after decreasing the injection rate.

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