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    Characterization of Leucetta prolifera, a calcarean cyanosponge from south-western Australia, and its symbionts

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Fromont, J.
    Huggett, M.
    Lengger, S.
    Grice, Kliti
    Schönberg, C.
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Fromont, J. and Huggett, M. and Lengger, S. and Grice, K. and Schönberg, C. 2015. Characterization of Leucetta prolifera, a calcarean cyanosponge from south-western Australia, and its symbionts. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. [In Press].
    Source Title
    Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
    DOI
    10.1017/S0025315415000491
    ISSN
    0025-3154
    School
    Department of Chemistry
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/42780
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    The biology and ecology of calcarean sponges are not as well understood as they are for demosponges. Here, in order to gain new insights, particularly about symbiotic relationships, the calcarean sponge Leucetta prolifera was sampled from south-western Australia and examined for its assumed photosymbionts. Pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry and extraction of photopigments established that the sponge was photosynthetic. Molecular analysis of the bacterial symbionts via sequencing of the V1–V3 region of the 16S rDNA gene confirmed that between 5 and 22% of all sequences belonged to the phylum Cyanobacteria, depending on the individual sample, with the most dominant strain aligning with Hormoscilla spongeliae, a widely distributed sponge symbiont. Analysis of fatty acids suggested that the sponge obtains nutrition through photosynthates from its symbionts. The relationship is assumed to be mutualistic, with the sponge receiving dietary support and the cyanobacteria sheltering in the sponge tissues. We list all Calcarea presently known to harbour photosymbionts.

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