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    Distribution of iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria across a coastal acid sulfate soil (CASS) environment: implications for passive bioremediation by tidal inundation

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    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Ling, Y.
    Bush, R.
    Grice, Kliti
    Tulipani, Svenja
    Berwick, Lyndon
    Moreau, J.
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Ling, Y. and Bush, R. and Grice, K. and Tulipani, S. and Berwick, L. and Moreau, J. 2015. Distribution of iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria across a coastal acid sulfate soil (CASS) environment: implications for passive bioremediation by tidal inundation. Frontiers in Microbiology. 6: 624.
    Source Title
    Frontiers in Microbiology
    DOI
    10.3389/fmicb.2015.00624
    ISSN
    1664-302X
    School
    Department of Chemistry
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/44884
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Coastal acid sulfate soils (CASS) constitute a serious and global environmental problem. Oxidation of iron sulfide minerals exposed to air generates sulfuric acid with consequently negative impacts on coastal and estuarine ecosystems. Tidal inundation represents one current treatment strategy for CASS, with the aim of neutralizing acidity by triggering microbial iron- and sulfate-reduction and inducing the precipitation of iron-sulfides. Although well-known functional guilds of bacteria drive these processes, their distributions within CASS environments, as well as their relationships to tidal cycling and the availability of nutrients and electron acceptors, are poorly understood. These factors will determine the long-term efficacy of “passive” CASS remediation strategies. Here we studied microbial community structure and functional guild distribution in sediment cores obtained from 10 depths ranging from 0 to 20 cm in three sites located in the supra-, inter- and sub-tidal segments, respectively, of a CASS-affected salt marsh (East Trinity, Cairns, Australia). Whole community 16S rRNA gene diversity within each site was assessed by 454 pyrotag sequencing and bioinformatic analyses in the context of local hydrological, geochemical, and lithological factors. The results illustrate spatial overlap, or close association, of iron-, and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in an environment rich in organic matter and controlled by parameters such as acidity, redox potential, degree of water saturation, and mineralization. The observed spatial distribution implies the need for empirical understanding of the timing, relative to tidal cycling, of various terminal electron-accepting processes that control acid generation and biogeochemical iron and sulfur cycling.

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