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    Resolving confusions about jarrah dieback - don’t forget the plants

    204990_138027_Davison_APP_2014.pdf (1.319Mb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Davison, Elaine
    Date
    2014
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Davison, E. 2014. Resolving confusions about jarrah dieback - don’t forget the plants. Australasian Plant Pathology. 43 (6): pp. 691-701.
    Source Title
    Australasian Plant Pathology
    DOI
    10.1007/s13313-014-0302-y
    ISSN
    08153191
    School
    Department of Environment and Agriculture
    Remarks

    This article is published under the Open Access publishing model and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Please refer to the licence to obtain terms for any further reuse or distribution of this work.

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/47162
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    The name jarrah dieback has been used for two different disorders, leading to considerable confusion. It was coined in the 1940s to describe the sudden death of groups of jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) trees in south western Western Australia, which occurred on poorly drained sites, following exceptionally heavy rainfall. In the 1960s these sites were shown to be infested by Phytophthora cinnamomi and jarrah deaths were attributed to it, even though it was only isolated from 5 % of sampled trees. Also the definition of jarrah dieback was expanded to include deaths of many other plants on infested sites, from which P. cinnamomi was more readily isolated. Jarrah trees die from severe water deficiency, indicating problems with water conduction through roots. Xylem vessel diameters vary along roots, being narrow at the root collar, while distally they are larger, providing water storage. Jarrah transpires vigorously during summer, accessing water at depth on sites with deep soil, but being more dependent on internally stored water when root systems are shallower. Following waterlogging, sapwood vessels become blocked with tyloses, reducing both conductivity and potential water storage; such trees may have insufficient water reserves for summer survival. In jarrah P. cinnamomi is unlikely to cause water deficiency because sapwood invasion is rapidly contained in healthy roots. Recent investigations into P. cinnamomi invasion and host responses in other plants show that it can potentially cause a vascular wilt in Banksia spp. and chronic, symptomless infections in herbaceous plants. Susceptibility to waterlogging damage, and/or mortality resulting from infection by P. cinnamomi can only be clarified by detailed knowledge of the hosts and their vulnerabilities. This is essential for making diagnoses, devising management strategies, and avoiding the confusions of the past.

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    • Relative importance of site, weather and Phytophthora cinnamomi in the decline and death of Eucalyptus marginata – jarrah dieback investigations in the 1970s to 1990s
      Davison, Elaine (2018)
      Jarrah dieback was the name given to the sudden death of Eucalyptus marginata in the southwest ofWestern Australia, a serious economic problem. Although deaths were attributed to Phytophthora cinnamomi in the 1960s, the ...
    • How Phytophthora cinnamomi became associated with the death of Eucalyptus marginata – the early investigations into jarrah dieback
      Davison, Elaine (2015)
      The name jarrah dieback was used in the 1940s to describe a serious economic problem in the jarrah forest in the south west of Western Australia. This was the sudden death of groups of jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) trees ...
    • How do Phytophthora spp. de Bary kill trees?
      Davison, Elaine (2011)
      Phytophthora spp. de Bary are being increasingly recognised as pathogens that cause tree death, without necessarily having any clear understanding of how this happens. Suggested mechanisms include: extensive fine-root ...
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