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    Numerical simulation of pharyngeal airflow applied to obstructive sleep apnea: effect of the nasal cavity in anatomically accurate airway models

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Cisonni, Julien
    Lucey, A.
    King, A.
    Islam, S.
    Lewis, R.
    Goonewardene, M.
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Cisonni, J. and Lucey, A. and King, A. and Islam, S. and Lewis, R. and Goonewardene, M. 2015. Numerical simulation of pharyngeal airflow applied to obstructive sleep apnea: effect of the nasal cavity in anatomically accurate airway models. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. 53 (11): pp. 1129-1139.
    Source Title
    Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing
    DOI
    10.1007/s11517-015-1399-z
    ISSN
    0140-0118
    School
    Department of Mechanical Engineering
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/47874
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2015, International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering. Repetitive brief episodes of soft-tissue collapse within the upper airway during sleep characterize obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), an extremely common and disabling disorder. Failure to maintain the patency of the upper airway is caused by the combination of sleep-related loss of compensatory dilator muscle activity and aerodynamic forces promoting closure. The prediction of soft-tissue movement in patient-specific airway 3D mechanical models is emerging as a useful contribution to clinical understanding and decision making. Such modeling requires reliable estimations of the pharyngeal wall pressure forces. While nasal obstruction has been recognized as a risk factor for OSA, the need to include the nasal cavity in upper-airway models for OSA studies requires consideration, as it is most often omitted because of its complex shape. A quantitative analysis of the flow conditions generated by the nasal cavity and the sinuses during inspiration upstream of the pharynx is presented. Results show that adequate velocity boundary conditions and simple artificial extensions of the flow domain can reproduce the essential effects of the nasal cavity on the pharyngeal flow field. Therefore, the overall complexity and computational cost of accurate flow predictions can be reduced.

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