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    The dietary patterns methods project: Synthesis of findings across cohorts and relevance to dietary guidance

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Liese, A.
    Krebs-Smith, S.
    Subar, A.
    George, S.
    Harmon, B.
    Neuhouser, M.
    Boushey, Carol
    Schap, T.
    Reedy, J.
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Liese, A. and Krebs-Smith, S. and Subar, A. and George, S. and Harmon, B. and Neuhouser, M. and Boushey, C. et al. 2015. The dietary patterns methods project: Synthesis of findings across cohorts and relevance to dietary guidance. The Journal of Nutrition. 145 (3): pp. 393-402.
    Source Title
    The Journal of Nutrition
    DOI
    10.3945/jn.114.205336
    ISSN
    0022-3166
    School
    School of Public Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/50987
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Patterns Methods Project (DPMP) was initiated in 2012 to strengthen research evidence on dietary indices, dietary patterns, and health for upcoming revisions of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, given that the lack of consistent methodology has impeded development of consistent and reliable conclusions. DPMP investigators developed research questions and a standardized approach to index-based dietary analysis. This article presents a synthesis of findings across the cohorts. Standardized analyses were conducted in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, the Multiethnic Cohort, and the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS). Healthy Eating Index 2010, Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores were examined across cohorts for correlations between pairs of indices; concordant classifications into index score quintiles; associations with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality with the use of Cox proportional hazards models; and dietary intake of foods and nutrients corresponding to index quintiles. Across all cohorts in women and men, there was a high degree of correlation and consistent classifications between index pairs. Higher diet quality (top quintile) was significantly and consistently associated with an 11-28% reduced risk of death due to all causes, CVD, and cancer compared with the lowest quintile, independent of known confounders. This was true for all diet index-mortality associations, with the exception of AHEI-2010 and cancermortality in WHI-OS women. In all cohorts, survival benefit was greater with a higher-quality diet, and relatively small intake differences distinguished the index quintiles. The reductions in mortality risk started at relatively lower levels of diet quality. Higher scores on each of the indices, signifying higher diet quality, were associated with marked reductions in mortality. Thus, the DPMP findings suggest that all 4 indices capture the essential components of a healthy diet.

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