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    In situ measurements of target strength with optical and model verification: A case study for blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Kloser, Rudy
    Ryan, T.
    Macaulay, G.
    Lewis, M.
    Date
    2011
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Kloser, R. and Ryan, T. and Macaulay, G. and Lewis, M. 2011. In situ measurements of target strength with optical and model verification: A case study for blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 68 (9): pp. 1986-1995.
    Source Title
    ICES Journal of Marine Science
    DOI
    10.1093/icesjms/fsr127
    ISSN
    1054-3139
    School
    Centre for Marine Science and Technology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/52472
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    In situ measurements of target strength (TS) of isolated fish surrounding dense schools need to be representative of the schooling fish to calculate their echo-integrated biomass. Using synchronous optical and acoustic measurements from a pelagic fishing net, the standard length (81 cm, n = 128), tilt-angle (-9°), and net-disturbed in situ TS (-34.4 dB) of Australian Macruronus novaezelandiae (blue grenadier) were confirmed at depth. In situ drift experiments of assumed undisturbed but dispersed blue grenadier recorded a mean TS of -31.8 dB (CI -33.1 to -30.9 dB) with attributed fish standard lengths of 83 cm (s.d. 7.5 cm) and weight 2.5 kg. Modelling the gasbladder showed that uncertainties in fish length, orientation, and gasbladder size could explain the differences observed. Blue grenadiers have negative buoyancy because the cavity size of their gasbladder is smaller than the volume of gas required for neutral buoyancy at depth. For the same species and length, New Zealand hoki weigh less and have smaller gasbladders than Australian blue grenadier, suggesting a conversion factor of 1.10 in length for comparative measurements. Net-attached acoustic and optical measurements indicate that model and drift in situ measurements are biased high by 2.9 and 1.0 dB, respectively. Net-attached acoustic and optical measurements are a cost-effective method of monitoring TS routinely at depth for changes in species length and weight. © 2011 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.

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