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    A LOFAR census of millisecond pulsars

    251716.pdf (1.998Mb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Kondratiev, V.
    Verbiest, J.
    Hessels, J.
    Bilous, A.
    Stappers, B.
    Kramer, M.
    Keane, E.
    Noutsos, A.
    Oslowski, S.
    Breton, R.
    Hassall, T.
    Alexov, A.
    Cooper, S.
    Falcke, H.
    Grießmeier, J.
    Karastergiou, A.
    Kuniyoshi, M.
    Pilia, M.
    Sobey, Charlotte
    Ter Veen, S.
    Van Leeuwen, J.
    Weltevrede, P.
    Bell, M.
    Broderick, J.
    Corbel, S.
    Eisloffel, J.
    Markoff, S.
    Rowlinson, A.
    Swinbank, J.
    Wijers, R.
    Wijnands, R.
    Zarka, P.
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Kondratiev, V. and Verbiest, J. and Hessels, J. and Bilous, A. and Stappers, B. and Kramer, M. and Keane, E. et al. 2016. A LOFAR census of millisecond pulsars. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 585: A128.
    Source Title
    Astronomy and Astrophysics
    DOI
    10.1051/0004-6361/201527178
    ISSN
    0004-6361
    School
    Curtin Institute of Radio Astronomy (Physics)
    Remarks

    Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, © ESO

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/52905
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    We report the detection of 48 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) out of 75 observed thus far using the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) in the frequency range 110-188 MHz. We have also detected three MSPs out of nine observed in the frequency range 38-77 MHz. This is the largest sample of MSPs ever observed at these low frequencies, and half of the detected MSPs were observed for the first time atfrequencies below 200 MHz. We present the average pulse profiles of the detected MSPs, their effective pulse widths, and flux densities and compare these with higher observing frequencies. The flux-calibrated, multifrequency LOFAR pulse profiles are publicly available via the European Pulsar Network Database of Pulsar Profiles. We also present average values of dispersion measures (DM) and discuss DM and profile variations. About 35% of the MSPs show strong narrow profiles, another 25% exhibit scattered profiles, and the rest are only weakly detected. A qualitative comparison of the LOFAR MSP profiles with those at higher radio frequencies shows constant separation between profile components. Similarly, the profile widths are consistent with those observed at higher frequencies, unless scattering dominates at the lowest frequencies. This is very different from what is observed for normal pulsars and suggests a compact emission region in the MSP magnetosphere. The amplitude ratio of the profile components, on the other hand, can dramatically change towards low frequencies, often with the trailing component becoming dominant. As previously demonstrated this can be caused by aberration and retardation. This data set enables high-precision studies of pulse profile evolution with frequency, dispersion, Faraday rotation, and scattering in the interstellar medium. Characterising and correcting these systematic effects may improve pulsar-timing precision at higher observing frequencies, where pulsar timing array projects aim to directly detect gravitational waves.

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