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    Hepatitis C Virus Phylogenetic Clustering Is Associated with the Social-Injecting Network in a Cohort of People Who Inject Drugs

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Sacks-Davis, R.
    Daraganova, G.
    Aitken, C.
    Higgs, Peter
    Tracy, L.
    Bowden, S.
    Jenkinson, R.
    Rolls, D.
    Pattison, P.
    Robins, G.
    Grebely, J.
    Barry, A.
    Hellard, M.
    Date
    2012
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Sacks-Davis, R. and Daraganova, G. and Aitken, C. and Higgs, P. and Tracy, L. and Bowden, S. and Jenkinson, R. et al. 2012. Hepatitis C Virus Phylogenetic Clustering Is Associated with the Social-Injecting Network in a Cohort of People Who Inject Drugs. PLoS One. 7 (10).
    Source Title
    PLoS One
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pone.0047335
    ISSN
    1932-6203
    School
    National Drug Research Institute (NDRI)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/54210
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    It is hypothesized that social networks facilitate transmission of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). We tested for association between HCV phylogeny and reported injecting relationships using longitudinal data from a social network design study. People who inject drugs were recruited from street drug markets in Melbourne, Australia. Interviews and blood tests took place three monthly (during 2005-2008), with participants asked to nominate up to five injecting partners at each interview. The HCV core region of individual isolates was then sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed. Genetic clusters were identified using bootstrapping (cut-off: 70%). An adjusted Jaccard similarity coefficient was used to measure the association between the reported injecting relationships and relationships defined by clustering in the phylogenetic analysis (statistical significance assessed using the quadratic assignment procedure). 402 participants consented to participate; 244 HCV infections were observed in 238 individuals. 26 genetic clusters were identified, with 2-7 infections per cluster. Newly acquired infection (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.04-3.96, p = 0.037, and HCV genotype 3 (vs. genotype 1, AOR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.48-4.99) were independent predictors of being in a cluster. 54% of participants whose infections were part of a cluster in the phylogenetic analysis reported injecting with at least one other participant in that cluster during the study. Overall, 16% of participants who were infected at study entry and 40% of participants with newly acquired infections had molecular evidence of related infections with at least one injecting partner. Likely transmission clusters identified in phylogenetic analysis correlated with reported injecting relationships (adjusted Jaccard coefficient: 0.300; p<0.001). This is the first study to show that HCV phylogeny is associated with the injecting network, highlighting the importance of the injecting network in HCV transmission. © 2012 Sacks-Davis et al.

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