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    Socioeconomic status accounts for rapidly increasing geographic variation in the incidence of poor fetal growth

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Ball, Stephen
    Jacoby, P.
    Zubrick, S.
    Date
    2013
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Ball, S. and Jacoby, P. and Zubrick, S. 2013. Socioeconomic status accounts for rapidly increasing geographic variation in the incidence of poor fetal growth. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 10 (7): pp. 2606-2620.
    Source Title
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    DOI
    10.3390/ijerph10072606
    ISSN
    1661-7827
    School
    School of Nursing and Midwifery
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/54342
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Fetal growth is an important risk factor for infant morbidity and mortality. In turn, socioeconomic status is a key predictor of fetal growth; however, other sociodemographic factors and environmental effects may also be important. This study modelled geographic variation in poor fetal growth after accounting for socioeconomic status, with a fixed effect for socioeconomic status and a combination of spatially-correlated and spatially-uncorrelated random effects. The dataset comprised 88,246 liveborn singletons, aggregated within suburbs in Perth, Western Australia. Low socioeconomic status was strongly associated with an increased risk of poor fetal growth. An increase in geographic variation of poor fetal growth from 1999-2001 (interquartile odds ratio among suburbs = 1.20) to 2004-2006 (interquartile odds ratio = 1.40) indicated a widening risk disparity by socioeconomic status. Low levels of residual spatial patterns strengthen the case for targeting policies and practices in areas of low socioeconomic status for improved outcomes. This study indicates an alarming increase in geographic inequalities in poor fetal growth in Perth which warrants further research into the specific aspects of socioeconomic status that act as risk factors.

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