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    Preventive healthcare for young children: A systematic review of interventions in primary care

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Alexander, K.
    Brijnath, Bianca
    Biezen, R.
    Hampton, K.
    Mazza, D.
    Date
    2017
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Alexander, K. and Brijnath, B. and Biezen, R. and Hampton, K. and Mazza, D. 2017. Preventive healthcare for young children: A systematic review of interventions in primary care. Preventive Medicine. 99: pp. 236-250.
    Source Title
    Preventive Medicine
    DOI
    10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.02.024
    ISSN
    0091-7435
    School
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/54719
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2017High rates of preventable health problems amongst children in economically developed countries have prompted governments to seek pathways for early intervention. We systematically reviewed the literature to discover what primary care-targeted interventions increased preventive healthcare (e.g. review child development, growth, vision screening, social-emotional health) for preschool children, excluding vaccinations. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases were searched for published intervention studies, between years 2000 and 2014, which reflected preventive health activities for preschool children, delivered by health practitioners. Analysis included an assessment of study quality and the primary outcome measures employed. Of the 743 titles retrieved, 29 individual studies were selected, all originating from the United States. Twenty-four studies employed complex, multifaceted interventions and only two were rated high quality. Twelve studies addressed childhood overweight and 11 targeted general health and development. Most interventions reported outcomes that increased rates of screening, recording and recognition of health risks. Only six studies followed up children post-intervention, noting low referral rates by health practitioners and poor follow-through by parents and no study demonstrated clear health benefits for children. Preliminary evidence suggests that multi-component interventions, that combine training of health practitioners and office staff with modification of the physical environment and/or practice support, may be more effective than single component interventions. Quality Improvement interventions have been extensively replicated but their success may have relied on factors beyond the confines of individual or practice-led behaviour. This research reinforces the need for high quality studies of pediatric health assessments with the inclusion of clinical end-points.

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