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    Timed and untimed grammaticality judgments measure distinct types of knowledge: Evidence from eye-movement patterns

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Godfroid, A.
    Loewen, S.
    Jung, S.
    Park, J.
    Gass, S.
    Ellis, Rod
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Conference Paper
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Godfroid, A. and Loewen, S. and Jung, S. and Park, J. and Gass, S. and Ellis, R. 2015. Timed and untimed grammaticality judgments measure distinct types of knowledge: Evidence from eye-movement patterns, pp. 269-297.
    Source Title
    Studies in Second Language Acquisition
    DOI
    10.1017/S0272263114000850
    ISSN
    0272-2631
    School
    School of Education
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/54863
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Copyright © 2015 Cambridge University Press. Grammaticality judgment tests (GJTs) have been used to elicit data reflecting second language (L2) speakers' knowledge of L2 grammar. However, the exact constructs measured by GJTs, whether primarily implicit or explicit knowledge, are disputed and have been argued to differ depending on test-related variables (i.e., time pressure and item grammaticality). Using eye-tracking, this study replicates the GJT results in R. Ellis (2005). Twenty native and 40 nonnative English speakers judged sentences with and without time pressure. Analyses revealed that time pressure suppressed regressions (right-to-left eye movements) in nonnative speakers only. Conversely, both groups regressed more on untimed, grammatical items. These findings suggest that timed and untimed GJTs measure different constructs, which could correspond to implicit and explicit knowledge, respectively. In particular, they point to a difference in the levels of automat ic and controlled processing involved in responding to the timed and untimed tests. Furthermore, untimed grammatical items may induce GJT-specific task effects.

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