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    Duration of protection after first dose of acellular pertussis vaccine in infants

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Quinn, H.
    Snelling, Thomas
    Macartney, K.
    McIntyre, P.
    Date
    2014
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Quinn, H. and Snelling, T. and Macartney, K. and McIntyre, P. 2014. Duration of protection after first dose of acellular pertussis vaccine in infants. Pediatrics. 133 (3).
    Source Title
    Pediatrics
    DOI
    10.1542/peds.2013-3181
    ISSN
    0031-4005
    School
    School of Public Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/55823
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    OBJECTIVE: Data on the effectiveness of the diphtheria- tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine in the first 4 years of life are sparse. We evaluated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 1 and 2 doses of DTaP before 6 months of age and of 3 doses from 6 months of age in Australia, where, since 2003, a fourth dose is not given until 4 years. METHODS: We matched reported pertussis cases aged 2 to 47 months between January 2005 and December 2009 to controls from a population-based immunization register by date of birth and region of residence. VE by number of doses and age group was calculated as (1 - odds ratio) x 100%. RESULTS: VE against hospitalization increased from 55.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.7%-65.1%) for 1 dose before 4 months of age to 83.0% (95% CI, 70.2%-90.3%) for 2 doses before 6 months. The VE of 3 doses of DTaP against all reported pertussis was 83.5% (95% CI, 79.1%-87.8%) between 6 and 11 months, declining to 70.7% (95% CI, 64.5%-75.8%) between 2 and 3 years of age and 59.2% (95% CI, 51.0%-66.0%) between 3 and 4 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: DTaP provided good protection against pertussis in the first year of life from the first dose. Without a booster dose, the effectiveness of 3 doses waned more rapidly from 2 to 4 years of age than previously documented for children > 6 years of age who had received 5 doses. Copyright © 2014 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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