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    Increasing Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults Aged 15-39 Years in Western Australia 1982-2007: Examination of Colonoscopy History

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Troeung, L.
    Sodhi-Berry, N.
    Martini, A.
    Malacova, Eva
    Ee, H.
    O'Leary, Peter
    Lansdorp-Vogelaar, I.
    Preen, D.
    Date
    2017
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Troeung, L. and Sodhi-Berry, N. and Martini, A. and Malacova, E. and Ee, H. and O'Leary, P. and Lansdorp-Vogelaar, I. et al. 2017. Increasing Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults Aged 15-39 Years in Western Australia 1982-2007: Examination of Colonoscopy History. Front Public Health. 5.
    Source Title
    Front Public Health
    DOI
    10.3389/fpubh.2017.00179
    ISSN
    2296-2565
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/58286
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    AIMS: To examine trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and colonoscopy history in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-39?years in Western Australia (WA) from 1982 to 2007. DESIGN: Descriptive cohort study using population-based linked hospital and cancer registry data. METHOD: Five-year age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates of CRC were calculated for all AYAs and by sex. Temporal trends in CRC incidence were investigated using Joinpoint regression analysis. The annual percentage change (APC) in CRC incidence was calculated to identify significant time trends. Colonoscopy history relative to incident CRC diagnosis was examined and age and tumor grade at diagnosis compared for AYAs with and without pre-diagnosis colonoscopy. CRC-related mortality within 5 and 10?years of incident diagnosis were compared for AYAs with and without pre-diagnosis colonoscopy using mortality rate ratios (MRRs) derived from negative binomial regression. RESULTS: Age-standardized CRC incidence among AYAs significantly increased in WA between 1982 and 2007, APC?=?3.0 (95% CI 0.7-5.5). Pre-diagnosis colonoscopy was uncommon among AYAs (6.0%, 33/483) and 71% of AYAs were diagnosed after index (first ever) colonoscopy. AYAs with pre-diagnosis colonoscopy were older at CRC diagnosis (mean 36.7?±?0.7?years) compared to those with no prior colonoscopy (32.6?±?0.2?years), p?<?0.001. At CRC diagnosis, a significantly greater proportion of AYAs with pre-diagnosis colonoscopy had well-differentiated tumors (21.2%) compared to those without (5.6%), p?=?0.001. CRC-related mortality was significantly lower for AYAs with pre-diagnosis colonoscopy compared to those without, for both 5-year [MRR?=?0.44 (95% CI 0.27-0.75), p?=?0.045] and 10-year morality [MRR?=?0.43 (95% CI 0.24-0.83), p?=?0.043]. CONCLUSION: CRC incidence among AYAs in WA has significantly increased over the 25-year study period. Pre-diagnosis colonoscopy is associated with lower tumor grade at CRC diagnosis as well as significant reduction in both 5- and 10-year CRC-related mortality rates. These findings warrant further research into the balance in benefits and harms of targeted screening for AYA at highest risk.

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