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    Individual- and Population-Level Impacts of Traumatic Brain Injury and Maternal Characteristics on Subsequent Offending Behavior

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Wand, H.
    Simpson, M.
    Malacova, Eva
    Schofield, P.
    Preen, D.
    Tate, R.
    Butler, Tony
    Date
    2017
    Type
    Journal Article
    
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    Citation
    Wand, H. and Simpson, M. and Malacova, E. and Schofield, P. and Preen, D. and Tate, R. and Butler, T. 2017. Individual- and Population-Level Impacts of Traumatic Brain Injury and Maternal Characteristics on Subsequent Offending Behavior. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation.
    Source Title
    Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
    DOI
    10.1097/HTR.0000000000000326
    ISSN
    0885-9701
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/58503
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. OBJECTIVE:: To evaluate the individual- and population-level impact of a combination of factors, including traumatic brain injury (TBI) and certain maternal characteristics, on subsequent criminal conviction. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS:: A retrospective record linkage study involving a cohort of 30 599 individuals born between 1980 and 1985, with ratio of 1 (with TBI): 3 (no TBI), matched by sex and the year of birth. METHODS AND PROCEDURES:: Cox proportional hazard regression models and population attributable risk percentages (PAR%) were used to assess the contribution of TBI and other risk factors on subsequent criminal convictions. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS:: Overall, individuals born to the teenaged mothers ( < 20 years) have significantly higher proportion of TBI than those born to older mothers (35% vs 22%; P < .001). In the gender-specific analyses, a history of TBI was associated with increased risk for criminal convictions (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] : 1.36-1.60, and aHR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.22-1.73, for men and women, respectively). Maternal characteristics (maternal age, single parent, multiparity) were identified as the greater contributor to the criminal convictions (PAR%: 57% and 67% for men and women, respectively). The combined impact of mental illness, maternal factors, and TBI was estimated to be 67% and 74% (for men and women, respectively); with nonoverlapping 95% CIs for PAR%, these factors were estimated to have had a higher impact among females than among males. CONCLUSION:: More than half of the criminal convictions were associated with a relatively small number of risk factors, including poor mental health, low socioeconomic status, and TBI as well as certain maternal characteristics.

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