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    Indian Ocean corals reveal crucial role of World War II bias for twentieth century warming estimates

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Pfeiffer, M.
    Zinke, Jens
    Dullo, W.
    Garbe-Schönberg, D.
    Latif, M.
    Weber, M.
    Date
    2017
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Pfeiffer, M. and Zinke, J. and Dullo, W. and Garbe-Schönberg, D. and Latif, M. and Weber, M. 2017. Indian Ocean corals reveal crucial role of World War II bias for twentieth century warming estimates. Scientific Reports. 7 (1).
    Source Title
    Scientific Reports
    DOI
    10.1038/s41598-017-14352-6
    ISSN
    2045-2322
    School
    Department of Environment and Agriculture
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/58510
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2017 The Author(s). The western Indian Ocean has been warming faster than any other tropical ocean during the 20 th century, and is the largest contributor to the global mean sea surface temperature (SST) rise. However, the temporal pattern of Indian Ocean warming is poorly constrained and depends on the historical SST product. As all SST products are derived from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere dataset (ICOADS), it is challenging to evaluate which product is superior. Here, we present a new, independent SST reconstruction from a set of Porites coral geochemical records from the western Indian Ocean. Our coral reconstruction shows that the World War II bias in the historical sea surface temperature record is the main reason for the differences between the SST products, and affects western Indian Ocean and global mean temperature trends. The 20 th century Indian Ocean warming pattern portrayed by the corals is consistent with the SST product from the Hadley Centre (HadSST3), and suggests that the latter should be used in climate studies that include Indian Ocean SSTs. Our data shows that multi-core coral temperature reconstructions help to evaluate the SST products. Proxy records can provide estimates of 20 th century SST that are truly independent from the ICOADS data base.

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