Fibrous filtration of liquid aerosols

Abstract

Fibrous filters and mist eliminators are widely used in a range of manufacturing and process industries to remove liquid mists from gas streams, thereby coalescing them to recover the bulk liquid and prevent emissions. The range of applications is very broad, including compressed gas cleaning, engine crankcase ventilation, (liquefied) natural gas, propane (LPG) and hydrocarbon production and processing, cooling towers, machining and cutting processes. Although research on mist filtration has been increasing since the late 1950s, and some of the fundamental physico-chemical processes were described as early as 1870, the scientific questions in the field are far from resolved. This is largely due to the complex kinetics of gas and fluid phases, and the wide range of possible filter geometric properties and surface energy. However, over the last 15 years, significant progress has been made in the field. This chapter presents the state of current research, comparing currently available models for capture, saturation, and pressure drop and discussing their applicability. Key gaps in the literature and necessary directions for future study are also given.