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    Direct Observation of Simultaneous Immobilization of Cadmium and Arsenate at the Brushite-Fluid Interface

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Zhai, H.
    Wang, L.
    Qin, L.
    Zhang, W.
    Putnis, Christine
    Putnis, Andrew
    Date
    2018
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Zhai, H. and Wang, L. and Qin, L. and Zhang, W. and Putnis, C. and Putnis, A. 2018. Direct Observation of Simultaneous Immobilization of Cadmium and Arsenate at the Brushite-Fluid Interface. Environmental Science and Technology. 52 (6): pp. 3493-3502.
    Source Title
    Environmental Science and Technology
    DOI
    10.1021/acs.est.7b06479
    ISSN
    0013-936X
    School
    School of Molecular and Life Sciences (MLS)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/67047
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Cadmium (Cd 2+ ) and Arsenate (As 5+ ) are the main toxic elements in soil environments and are easily taken up by plants. Unraveling the kinetics of the adsorption and subsequent precipitation/immobilization on mineral surfaces is of considerable importance for predicting the fate of these dissolved species in soils. Here we used in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) to image the dissolution on the (010) face of brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, CaHPO 4 ·2H 2 O) in CdCl 2 - or Na 2 HAsO 4 -bearing solutions over a broad pH and concentration range. During the initial dissolution processes, we observed that Cd or As adsorbed on step edges to modify the morphology of etch pits from the normal triangular shape to a four-sided trapezium. Following extended reaction times, the respective precipitates were formed on brushite through a coupled dissolution-precipitation mechanism. In the presence of both CdCl 2 and Na 2 HAsO 4 in reaction solutions at pH 8.0, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed a coexistence of both amorphous and crystalline phases, i.e., a mixed precipitate of amorphous and crystalline Cd (5-x) Ca x (AsO 4 ) (3-y) (PO 4 ) y OH phases was detected. These direct dynamic observations of the transformation of adsorbed species to surface precipitates may improve the mechanistic understanding of the calcium phosphate mineral interface-induced simultaneous immobilization of both Cd and As and subsequent sequestration in diverse soils.

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