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    Gender gaps in long-term earnings and retirement wealth: The effects of education and parenthood

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Austen, Siobhan
    Mavisakalyan, Astghik
    Date
    2018
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Austen, S. and Mavisakalyan, A. 2018. Gender gaps in long-term earnings and retirement wealth: The effects of education and parenthood. Journal of Industrial Relations. 60 (4): pp. 492-516.
    Source Title
    Journal of Industrial Relations
    DOI
    10.1177/0022185618767474
    ISSN
    0022-1856
    School
    School of Economics and Finance
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/67513
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    We measure gender gaps in long-term earnings and retirement wealth over the 15-year period from 2001 to 2015. Our analysis of data from the Housing, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey generates new estimates of the effects of education on men’s and women’s long-term earnings. These show that whilst university qualifications improve women’s long-term earnings, university education does not, on average, lift women’s earnings above those attained by men with a high school qualification. The increment in long-term earnings associated with parenthood also shows a large gender gap favouring men. Parenthood is associated with higher long-term earnings for men but on average this factor has a strong negative association with women’s earnings. The article also maps the consequences of the gender gap in long-term earnings for retirement wealth in the form of superannuation. The results show how the large gender gaps in retirement wealth reflect in large part the economic costs arising from the gendered division of roles associated with parenthood in many Australian households.

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