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    Visually induced analgesia in a deep tissue experimental pain model: A randomised crossover experiment

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    Authors
    van Selm, M.
    Gibson, W.
    Travers, Merv
    Moseley, G.
    Hince, D.
    Wand, B.
    Date
    2018
    Type
    Journal Article
    
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    Citation
    van Selm, M. and Gibson, W. and Travers, M. and Moseley, G. and Hince, D. and Wand, B. 2018. Visually induced analgesia in a deep tissue experimental pain model: A randomised crossover experiment. European Journal of Pain.
    Source Title
    European Journal of Pain
    DOI
    10.1002/ejp.1234
    ISSN
    1090-3801
    School
    School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/69250
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2018 European Pain Federation - EFIC®. Background: Visualizing one's own painful body part appears to have an effect on reported pain intensity. Furthermore, it seems that manipulating the size of the viewed image can determine the direction and extent of this phenomenon. When visual distortion has been applied to clinical populations, the analgesic effects have been in opposition to those observed in some experimental pain models. To help resolve this problem, we explored the effect of visualisation and magnification of the visual image on reported pain using a delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) pain model. Methods: We induced DOMS in the quadriceps of 20 healthy volunteers. Forty-eight hours later, participants performed a series of painful contractions of the DOMS-affected muscle under four randomised conditions: (1) Viewing the injured thigh; (2) Viewing the contralateral thigh; (3) Viewing a neutral object; and (4) Viewing the injured thigh through magnifying glasses. For each condition, participants rated their pain intensity during a series of painful contractions. Results: We observed that direct visualisation of the injured thigh had no effect on pain intensity when compared to viewing the contralateral thigh or neutral object. However, magnification of the DOMS-affected leg during the performance of painful contractions caused participants to report more pain than when viewing the injured thigh normally. Conclusions: These results further demonstrate that the effect of visualisation varies between different pain conditions. These results may have implications for the integration of visual feedback into clinical practice. Significance: We present delayed onset muscle soreness as a model for exploring visually induced analgesia. Our findings suggest that this phenomenon is expressed differently in exogenous and endogenous experimental pain models. Further exploration may offer a potential pathway for the integration of visual analgesia into the management of clinical pain.

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