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    Body fat, metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemia in South Asians

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Misra, A.
    Soares, Mario
    Mohan, V.
    Anoop, S.
    Abhishek, V.
    Vaidya, R.
    Pradeepa, R.
    Date
    2018
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Misra, A. and Soares, M. and Mohan, V. and Anoop, S. and Abhishek, V. and Vaidya, R. and Pradeepa, R. 2018. Body fat, metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemia in South Asians. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications. 32 (11): pp. 1068-1075.
    Source Title
    Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
    DOI
    10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.08.001
    ISSN
    1056-8727
    School
    School of Public Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/72734
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    The prevalence of overweight and obesity is escalating in South Asian countries. South Asians display higher total and abdominal obesity at a lower BMI when compared to Whites. Consequently, metabolic dysfunction leading to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) will account for a majority of the health burden of these countries. In this review, we discuss those factors that contribute to MetS and T2DM in South Asians when compared to whites, focusing on adiposity. Abdominal obesity is the single-most important risk factor for MetS and its predisposition to T2DM. Excessive ectopic fat deposition in the liver (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) has been linked to insulin resistance in Asian Indians, while the effects of ectopic fat accumulation in pancreas and skeletal muscle need more investigation. South Asians also have lower skeletal muscle mass than Whites, and this may contribute to their higher risk T2DM. Lifestyle factors contributing to MetS and T2DM in South Asians include inadequate physical activity and high intakes of refined carbohydrates and saturated fats. These are reflective of the recent but rapid economic transition and urbanization of the South Asian region. There is need to further the research into genetic determinants of dysmetabolism as well as gene x environment interactions. Collectively, MetS and T2DM have multi-factorial antecedents in South Asians and efforts to combat it through low-cost and socio-culturally appropriate lifestyle interventions need to be supported.

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