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    Preparation of platinum-based ‘cauliflower microarrays’ for enhanced ammonia gas sensing

    272170.pdf (1.360Mb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Hussain, G.
    Aldous, L.
    Silvester, Debbie
    Date
    2018
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Hussain, G. and Aldous, L. and Silvester, D. 2018. Preparation of platinum-based ‘cauliflower microarrays’ for enhanced ammonia gas sensing. Analytica Chimica Acta. 1048: pp. 12-21.
    Source Title
    Analytica Chimica Acta
    DOI
    10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.055
    ISSN
    0003-2670
    School
    Nanochemistry Research Institute
    Funding and Sponsorship
    http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP150101708
    http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LE130100121
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/72805
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2018 Elsevier B.V. the flux of gas to electrode surfaces determines the analytical response and detection limit. For trace concentration detection, the resulting low current prevents the miniaturisation of such sensors. Therefore, in this study, we have developed repeating arrays of nanostructures which maximise flux towards their surface. Unique platinum 3D cauliflower-shaped deposits with individual floret-shaped segments have been produced in a single step electrodeposition process. The confined walls of recessed microelectrode arrays (10 µm in diameter, 90 electrodes) are utilized to produce these structures with a high surface area. Distinct segments are observed, with the gaps corresponding to electrodes adjacent in the microarray; thus the majority of the deposits face the primary diffusion zones. The sizes and shapes of the deposits are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the largest structures are found to be 22 ± 1 µm in width and 7.9 ± 0.2 µm in height over the microhole. These modified electrodes are employed to detect ammonia using the room temperature ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C2mim][NTf2], as an electrolyte. Current responses on the cauliflower arrays were seven times higher for linear sweep voltammetry and ca. 12 times higher for chronoamperometry, relative to the bare microrrays, and limits of detection were less than 1 part per million of ammonia (gas phase concentration). This work highlights the use of modified microarrays with highly accessible 3D structures for enhanced electroanalytical detection of analyte species at ultra low concentrations.

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