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    HIV, other blood-borne viruses and sexually transmitted infections amongst expatriates and travellers to low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

    247602_247602.pdf (804.3Kb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Crawford, Gemma
    Lobo, R.
    Brown, G.
    Macri, C.
    Smith, H.
    Maycock, B.
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Crawford, G. and Lobo, R. and Brown, G. and Macri, C. and Smith, H. and Maycock, B. 2016. HIV, other blood-borne viruses and sexually transmitted infections amongst expatriates and travellers to low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 13 (12): Article 1249.
    Source Title
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
    DOI
    10.3390/ijerph13121249
    ISSN
    1661-7827
    School
    Department of Health Promotion and Sexology
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/7379
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    In some high-income countries, a proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other blood-borne virus (BBV) or sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnoses have been reported as acquired overseas in low- and middle-income countries. A review was conducted to explore HIV, other BBV or STI related knowledge, risk behavior and acquisition amongst expatriates and travelers, particularly males, travelling from high to low- and middle-income countries. Seven academic databases were searched for 26 peer reviewed articles that met inclusion criteria. Significant variability in the studies was noted, in age, travel duration and frequency and outcomes/risk factors measured and reported on. Risk factors described included longer duration of stay; being single; travel for romance or sex; alcohol and other drug use; lack of travel advice; being male; higher number of sexual partners; and inconsistent condom use. Vaccination, pre-travel health advice, and having fewer sexual partners were described as protective. Studies are needed focusing on the social context in which risk-taking occurs. Better collaboration is essential to deliver comprehensive health promotion interventions alongside more consistent pre- and post- travel testing and advice. Policy measures are crucial, including consistent evaluation indicators to assess impacts of HIV, other BBVs or STIs in the context of mobility. Risks and responses for these epidemics are shared globally.

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