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    Not all brawn, but some brain. Strength gains after training alters kinematic motor abundance in hopping

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Liew, B.
    Morrison, A.
    Hobara, H.
    Morris, Susan
    Netto, Kevin
    Date
    2018
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Liew, B. and Morrison, A. and Hobara, H. and Morris, S. and Netto, K. 2018. Not all brawn, but some brain. Strength gains after training alters kinematic motor abundance in hopping. PeerJ. 2018 (11).
    Source Title
    PeerJ
    DOI
    10.7717/peerj.6010
    ISSN
    2167-8359
    School
    School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/73997
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Copyright 2018 Liew et al. Background. The effects of resistance training on a muscle’s neural, architectural, and mechanical properties are well established. However, whether resistance training can positively change the coordination of multiple motor elements in the control of a well-defined lower limb motor performance objective remains unclear. Such knowledge is critical given that resistance training is an essential and ubiquitous component in gait rehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate if strength gains of the ankle and knee extensors after resistance training increases kinematic motor abundance in hopping. Methods. The data presented in this study represents the pooled group results of a sub-study from a larger project investigating the effects of resistance training on load carriage running energetics. Thirty healthy adults performed self-paced unilateral hopping, and strength testing before and after six weeks of lower limb resistance training. Motion capture was used to derive the elemental variables of planar segment angles of the foot, shank, thigh, and pelvis, and the performance variable of leg length. Uncontrolled manifold analysis (UCM) was used to provide an index of motor abundance (IMA) in the synergistic coordination of segment angles in the stabilization of leg length. Bayesian Functional Data Analysis was used for statistical inference, with a non-zero crossing of the 95% Credible Interval (CrI) used as a test of significance. Results. Depending on the phase of hop stance, there were significant main effects of ankle and knee strength on IMA, and a significant ankle by knee interaction effect. For example at 10% hop stance, a 1 Nm/kg increase in ankle extensor strength increased IMA by 0.37 (95% CrI [0.14–0.59]), a 1 Nm/kg increase in knee extensor strength decreased IMA by 0.29 (95% CrI [0.08–0.51]), but increased the effect of ankle strength on IMA by 0.71 (95% CrI [0.10–1.33]). At 55% hop stance, a 1 Nm/kg increase in knee extensor strength increase IMA by 0.24 (95% CrI [0.001–0.48]), but reduced the effect of ankle strength on IMA by 0.71 (95% CrI [0.13–1.32]). Discussion. Resistance training not only improves strength, but also the structure of coordination in the control of a well-defined motor objective. The role of resistance

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