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    Nasal swab bacteriology by PCR during the first 24-months of life: A prospective birth cohort study

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Palmu, A.
    Ware, R.
    Lambert, S.
    Sarna, Mohinder
    Bialasiewicz, S.
    Seib, K.
    Atack, J.
    Nissen, M.
    Grimwood, K.
    Date
    2019
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Palmu, A. and Ware, R. and Lambert, S. and Sarna, M. and Bialasiewicz, S. and Seib, K. and Atack, J. et al. 2019. Nasal swab bacteriology by PCR during the first 24-months of life: A prospective birth cohort study. Pediatric Pulmonology. 54 (3): pp. 289-296.
    Source Title
    Pediatric Pulmonology
    DOI
    10.1002/ppul.24231
    ISSN
    8755-6863
    School
    School of Public Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/74156
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Background: Most respiratory bacterial carriage studies in children are based on cross-sectional samples or longitudinal studies with infrequent sampling points. The prospective Observational Research in Childhood Infectious Diseases birth cohort study intensively evaluated the community-based epidemiology of respiratory viruses and bacteria during the first 2-years of life. Here we report the bacteriologic findings. Methods: Pregnant women in Brisbane, Australia were recruited between September 2010 and October 2012, and their healthy newborn children were followed for the first 2-years of life. Parents kept a daily symptom diary for the study child, collected a weekly anterior nose swab and completed an illness burden diary when their child met pre-defined illness criteria. Specimens were tested for respiratory bacteria by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and those containing human genomic DNA, deemed as high-quality, were analyzed. Results: Altogether 8100 high-quality nasal swab specimens from 158 enrolled children were analyzed. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Haemophilus influenzae were detected in 42.4%, 38.9%, and 14.8% of these samples, respectively. Concomitant detection of bacteria was common. In contrast, Bordetella pertussis, B. parapertussis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Simkania negevensis were rarely identified. The prevalence of the three major bacteria was higher with increasing age and in the winter and spring months. Siblings and childcare attendance were the other risk factors identified. Conclusions: We confirmed the feasibility of frequent nasal swabbing by parents for studying bacterial colonization. PCR detected the major respiratory tract bacteria with expected high frequencies, but atypical bacteria were found rarely in this cohort.

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