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    1,3-ß-D-glucan antigenemia for early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in neutropenic patients with acute leukemia

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Senn, L.
    Robinson, James
    Schmidt, S.
    Knaup, M.
    Asahi, N.
    Satomura, S.
    Matsuura, S.
    Duvoisin, B.
    Bille, J.
    Calandra, T.
    Marchetti, O.
    Date
    2008
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Senn, L. and Robinson, J. and Schmidt, S. and Knaup, M. and Asahi, N. and Satomura, S. and Matsuura, S. et al. 2008. 1,3-ß-D-glucan antigenemia for early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in neutropenic patients with acute leukemia. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 46 (6): pp. 878-885.
    Source Title
    Clinical Infectious Diseases
    DOI
    10.1086/527382
    ISSN
    1058-4838
    School
    School of Biomedical Sciences
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/7477
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Background. Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are life-threatening complications in neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies. Because early diagnosis of IFI is difficult, new noninvasive, culture-independent diagnostic tools are needed to improve clinical management. Recent studies have reported that detection of 1,3-ß-D-glucan (BG) antigenemia may be useful for diagnosis of IFI. The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the usefulness of monitoring BG in patients undergoing chemotherapy for acute leukemia. Methods. BG antigenemia was measured by a colorimetric assay twice weekly in the absence of fever and daily in the presence of fever. IFIs were classified according to the criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group. Results. During 190 consecutive neutropenic episodes (median duration, 22 days; range, 7-113 days) in 95 patients, 30 proven or probable IFIs (13 aspergillosis, 15 candidiasis, and 2 mixed IFIs) were diagnosed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and efficiency of 2 consecutive BG values =7 pg/mL for diagnosis of proven or probable IFI was 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.79), 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.89-0.98), 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.92), 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.84-0.95), and 0.89, respectively. The time interval between onset of fever as first sign of IFI and BG antigenemia was significantly shorter than the time to diagnosis of IFI by clinical, microbiological, radiological, and/or histopathological criteria (P < .001). BG values > 50 pg/mL were observed in only 2 patients, both of whom experienced failure of antifungal therapy. Conclusion. Monitoring of BG antigenemia is a useful noninvasive method for early diagnosis of IFI in patients with acute leukemia. © 2008 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.

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