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    The likelihood of extinction of iconic and dominant herbivores and detritivores of coral reefs: the parrotfishes and surgeonfishes

    191199_79691_The_Likelihood_of_Extinction_of_Iconic_and_Dominant_.pdf (390.1Kb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Comeros-Raynal, M.
    Choat, J.
    Polidoro, B.
    Clements, K.
    Abesamis, R.
    Craig, M.
    Lazuardi, M.
    McIlwain, Jennifer
    Muljadi, A.
    Myers, R.
    Nanola Jr., C.
    Pardede, S.
    Rocha, L.
    Russell, B.
    Sanciangco, J.
    Stockwell, B.
    Harwell, H.
    Carpenter, K.
    Date
    2012
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Comeros-Raynal, Mia T. and Choat, John Howard and Polidoro, Beth A. and Clements, Kendall D. and Abesamis, Rene and Craig, Matthew T. and Lazuardi, Muhammad Erdi et al. 2012. The likelihood of extinction of iconic and dominant herbivores and detritivores of coral reefs: the parrotfishes and surgeonfishes. PLoS Biology, 7 (7): Article ID e39825.
    Source Title
    PLoS Biology
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pone.0039825
    ISSN
    15449173
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/7885
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Parrotfishes and surgeonfishes perform important functional roles in the dynamics of coral reef systems. This is a consequence of their varied feeding behaviors ranging from targeted consumption of living plant material (primarily surgeonfishes) to feeding on detrital aggregates that are either scraped from the reef surface or excavated from the deeper reef substratum (primarily parrotfishes). Increased fishing pressure and widespread habitat destruction have led to population declines for several species of these two groups. Species-specific data on global distribution, population status, life history characteristics, and major threats were compiled for each of the 179 known species of parrotfishes and surgeonfishes to determine the likelihood of extinction of each species under the Categories and Criteria of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Due in part to the extensive distributions of most species and the life history traits exhibited in these two families, only three (1.7%) of the species are listed at an elevated risk of global extinction. The majority of the parrotfishes and surgeonfishes (86%) are listed as Least Concern, 10% are listed as Data Deficient and 1% are listed as Near Threatened. The risk of localized extinction, however, is higher in some areas, particularly in the Coral Triangle region. The relatively low proportion of species globally listed in threatened Categories is highly encouraging, and some conservation successes are attributed to concentrated conservation efforts. However, with the growing realization of man's profound impact on the planet, conservation actions such as improved marine reserve networks, more stringent fishing regulations, and continued monitoring of the population status at the species and community levels are imperative for the prevention of species loss in these groups of important and iconic coral reef fishes.

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