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    Diabetes in developing countries

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Misra, A.
    Gopalan, H.
    Jayawardena, R.
    Hills, A.P.
    Soares, Mario
    Reza-Albarrán, A.A.
    Ramaiya, K.L.
    Date
    2019
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Misra, A. and Gopalan, H. and Jayawardena, R. and Hills, A.P. and Soares, M. and Reza-Albarrán, A.A. and Ramaiya, K.L. 2019. Diabetes in developing countries. Journal of Diabetes. 11 (7): pp. 522-539.
    Source Title
    Journal of Diabetes
    DOI
    10.1111/1753-0407.12913
    ISSN
    1753-0393
    Faculty
    Faculty of Health Sciences
    School
    School of Public Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79232
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2019 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd There has been a rapid escalation of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in developing countries, with varied prevalence according to rural vs urban habitat and degree of urbanization. Some ethnic groups (eg, South Asians, other Asians, and Africans), develop diabetes a decade earlier and at a lower body mass index than Whites, have prominent abdominal obesity, and accelerated the conversion from prediabetes to diabetes. The burden of complications, both macro- and microvascular, is substantial, but also varies according to populations. The syndemics of diabetes with HIV or tuberculosis are prevalent in many developing countries and predispose to each other. Screening for diabetes in large populations living in diverse habitats may not be cost-effective, but targeted high-risk screening may have a place. The cost of diagnostic tests and scarcity of health manpower pose substantial hurdles in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients. Efforts for prevention remain rudimentary in most developing countries. The quality of care is largely poor; hence, a substantial number of patients do not achieve treatment goals. This is further amplified by a delay in seeking treatment, “fatalistic attitudes”, high cost and non-availability of drugs and insulins. To counter these numerous challenges, a renewed political commitment and mandate for health promotion and disease prevention are urgently needed. Several low-cost innovative approaches have been trialed with encouraging outcomes, including training and deployment of non-medical allied health professionals and the use of mobile phones and telemedicine to deliver simple health messages for the prevention and management of T2D.

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