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    Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Mallan, K.
    Lipp, Ottmar
    Libera, M.
    Date
    2008
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Mallan, K. and Lipp, O. and Libera, M. 2008. Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 69 (1): pp. 9-17.
    Source Title
    International Journal of Psychophysiology
    DOI
    10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.02.005
    ISSN
    0167-8760
    School
    School of Psychology and Speech Pathology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8367
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Affect modulates the blink startle reflex in the picture-viewing paradigm, however, the process responsible for reflex modulation during conditional stimuli (CSs) that have acquired valence through affective conditioning remains unclear. In Experiment 1, neutral shapes (CSs) and valenced or neutral pictures (USs) were paired in a forward (CS ? US) manner. Pleasantness ratings supported affective learning of positive and negative valence. Post-acquisition, blink reflexes were larger during the pleasant and unpleasant CSs than during the neutral CS. Rather than affect, attention or anticipatory arousal were suggested as sources of startle modulation. Experiment 2 confirmed that affective learning in the picture-picture paradigm was not affected by whether the CS preceded the US. Pleasantness ratings and affective priming revealed similar extents of affective learning following forward, backward or simultaneous pairings of CSs and USs. Experiment 3 utilized a backward conditioning procedure (US ? CS) to minimize effects of US anticipation. Again, blink reflexes were larger during CSs paired with valenced USs regardless of US valence implicating attention rather than anticipatory arousal or affect as the process modulating startle in this paradigm. Crown Copyright © 2008.

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