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    South America's tropopause variability in relation to global teleconnection (2001–2017): A GNSS-radio occultation assessment

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Nascimento, A.A.
    Awange, Joseph
    Gonçalves, R.M.
    Khandu
    Date
    2020
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Nascimento, A.A. and Awange, J.L. and Gonçalves, R.M. and Khandu. 2020. South America's tropopause variability in relation to global teleconnection (2001–2017): A GNSS-radio occultation assessment. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 209: Article No. 105379.
    Source Title
    Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
    DOI
    10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105379
    ISSN
    1364-6826
    Faculty
    Faculty of Science and Engineering
    School
    School of Earth and Planetary Sciences (EPS)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/86608
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Analysing tropopause variability is widely acknowledged to inform the understanding of global/regional warming. Tropopause variability studies are generally undertaken where radiosonde data abound. For the radiosonde data deficient South American continent, taking advantage of atmospheric remote sensing using Global Navigation Satellite Systems - Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) could offer the means to understand its tropopause variability. In this study, 622,914 GNSS-RO measurements of Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP), Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere & Climate (FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC), from 2001 to 2017 are used to analyze the annual variability patterns of tropopause heights and temperatures over South America and its relation to global teleconnections. Firstly, the RO measurements are validated using atmospheric profiles for 54 radiosonde stations across the continent. The results show increased trend of 13.450 ± 39.577 m/dec for the tropopause height and a corresponding slow decrease in temperature of −0.021 ± 0.115 K/dec, both statistically insignificant (i.e., p-value test) at 95% of confidence level (two-tailed student's t-test). The first mode of PCA (Principal Component Analysis) of the tropopause anomalies (of temperatures and heights) present significant temporal correlation (at 95% confidence level) with the ENSO 1 + 2 (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) index (i.e., a correlation coefficient of 0.6). The South America tropopause, therefore, varies over time albeit with slow changes and trends. This contribution highlights the importance of its monitoring.

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