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    The potential of LEO mega-constellations in aiding GNSS to enable positioning in challenging environments

    89113.pdf (783.3Kb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    El-Mowafy, Ahmed
    Wang, Kan
    Allahvirdir Zadeh, Amir
    Date
    2022
    Type
    Conference Paper
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    El-Mowafy, A. and Wang, K. and Allahvirdir Zadeh, A. 2022. The potential of LEO mega-constellations in aiding GNSS to enable positioning in challenging environments. In: XXVII FIG Congress, 11-15 September 2022, Warsaw, Poland.
    Source Conference
    XXVII FIG Congress
    Additional URLs
    https://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings/index.asp
    Faculty
    Faculty of Science and Engineering
    School
    School of Earth and Planetary Sciences (EPS)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/89289
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Signals from the emerging Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites from mega-constellations that broadcast internet, such as Starlink (Space X), OneWeb, Iridium etc., also known as “signals of opportunity” (SOP), can potentially aid positioning. These LEO satellites are approximately 20 times closer to Earth compared to the GNSS medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellites – with 300-1500km altitudes, and 90-120 minutes orbital periods. Hence, LEO satellites provide a new navigation space infrastructure with much stronger signal power than GNSS signals. This makes these LEO signals more resilient to interference and available in deep attenuation settings. In challenging environments, with limited GNSS observations that may not allow positioning, such as in urban canyons, bushland, or bottom of mining pits, integrating LEO signals with the available GNSS observations can enable positioning. Moreover, the corresponding high speed of LEO satellites enables faster satellite geometry change, and hereby significantly shortens the convergence time for precise point positioning (PPP). In this contribution, the positioning from LEO Doppler shift time variation integrated with GNSS and two challenges in positioning using LEO will be briefly discussed. For positioning, the orbits of LEO satellites and their clock behaviour must be known. In addition, unlike GNSS satellites, LEO satellites are not equipped with atomic clocks, and typically use ultra-stable oscillators (USOs) or oven-controlled crystal oscillators (OCXOs), nor are they tightly time-synchronised with each other. The estimation and prediction of these orbits and clock errors and drift are discussed.

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